Carl Gustav Jung
(1875 - 1961)
Swiss psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung was the founder of the School of Analytical Psychology. His name is tied to such all-pervading psychological concepts as the archetype, individual- and collective unconscious, extra- and introversion, animus, anima, shadow-personality, synchronicity etc. He worked under the psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler at the renowned Burghölzli clinic. With his word-association test and typological model he soon made his mark as a scholar abroad.
Shortly after he became acquainted with Freud, he became one of the leaders of the Analytical Movement. Freud saw Jung as his successor, but in time their ways diverged and when Jung’s work the Wandlungen und Symbole der Libido (Symbols and Transformation of the Libido) was published, their break was inevitable. Jung defined libido to be a psychic energy in a wider sense than Freud. His interest from here on was mainly absorbed by the world of the collective unconscious - which he defined. He described personal development as the unique way of individuation, and its special stages - defined by him - appear in every therapeutic process but in different ways for different people, according to their personality and way of life.
Jung made his mark in the field of interpreting dreams as well. Unlike Freud, he saw more than wish-fulfillment in dreams. He was more open towards mysticism, religion and different kinds of transcendental systems. He was the first to express the thought that deep psychology – psychology that accepts and considers the existence of the unconscious – is capable of healing psychosis, and trauma more serious than neurosis. During his long life and work using analytical psychology he explained numerous phenomena, such as the psychological aspects of alchemic processes, and revealed the psychological background of the UFO-phenomenon. Fortunately, Jung’s Complex Psychology has become more and more popular, but at the same time the danger of attenuation and misuse has grown.. Jung’s analytical psychology, in conjunction with appropriate treatment, is a suitable cure for every psychic problem.
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